Order too little concrete and a pour stalls with a cold joint; order too much and you've paid for waste. A few minutes of math up front avoids both.

The core formula

For a slab or footing, multiply length × width × thickness — all in feet — to get cubic feet, then divide by 27 for cubic yards (a cubic yard is 27 cubic feet). Remember to convert a thickness given in inches to feet first: a 4-inch slab is 0.33 ft thick.

Bags or ready-mix?

Bagged mix is convenient for small jobs. It takes about 45 bags of 80 lb mix (or 60 bags of 60 lb) to make one cubic yard, so anything beyond a yard or two is usually cheaper and faster with ready-mix delivery.

The Concrete Calculator handles slabs, footings, and round columns, converts to yards, and estimates bag counts with a waste allowance.

Don't forget waste

Add 5–10% to your figure to cover uneven subgrade, spillage, and over-excavation. Suppliers round up to the nearest quarter or full yard, so confirm their minimum.